CONTENTS

                                                           № 2 (10), 2003

1. RESONANCE  PROCESS  OF  CHARGE  EXCHANGE  p(t, ³He)

M. V. Evlanov,  A. M. Sokolov,  V. K. Tartakovsky

            Within the framework of diffraction approximation the charge exchange process p(t, ³He) amplitude is built with forming an intermediate D-resonance and corresponding angular distribution and energy spectra of emitting nuclei are calculated.

2. MODEL  DEPENDENCE  OF  DIFFERENTIAL  CROSS  SECTIONS

OF  THE  FOUR-BODY  d + d REACTION

V. I. Grantsev,  Vit. M. Pirnak,  B.G. Struzhko

            Experimental two-dimensional proton-proton double coincidence spectrum of the four-particle         d + d ® p + p + n + n reaction which was obtained previously in the proton - proton (pp) quasifree scattering (QFS) kinematic conditions was simulated with a least-square method. Dominant quasi-binary processes, viz. a pp QFS and a neutron - proton (np) final-state interaction (FSI) have been taking into account. QFS cross sections were calculated in plane waves impulse approximation (PWIA) using alternate models: Simple Impulse Approximation (SIA) and a Modified Impulse Approximation (MIA). The characteristic of the latter is cutting of a deuteron wave function at small distances. The distributions of FSI neutron - proton pairs in ¹S₀ and ³S₁ states were calculated using the Watson - Migdal model. Thus, it was possible to calculate cross sections of each process separately and to estimate a model dependence of obtained values. Usage MIA instead of SIA in fitting of the experimental spectrum results in lower values of cross sections for QFS of protons and little higher for a double spin flip, while a key conclusion about the dominant contribution of the latter remains valid. In particular, an integrated cross section of the ²H(d, d*)d* double spin flip reaction was obtained which is 1,2 ± 0,3 mb/sr at q _cm = 90º in the case of SIA and 1,4 ± 0,4 mb/sr in the case of MIA, while the unique so far theoretical value calculated within the framework of the Super-Multiplet Potential Theory of clusters is 0,61 mb/sr.

3. ISOSCALAR  QUADRUPOLE  OSCILLATIONS  OF  EXITED  NUCLEI

V. I. Abrosimov,  O. I. Davidovskaya

            The behavior of the quadrupole collective strength function of excited (hot) nuclei is considered within a kinetic model based on the solution of the Vlasov kinetic equation with moving surface boundary conditions. The temperature effects are taken into account in the collision integral in the relaxation time approximation. It is found that the collectivity of the giant quadrupole resonance and the low-lying quadrupole mode is decreased with increasing of the temperature.

4. RESEARCH  of  (p, g)-reaction  on  ¹¹⁵In  nucleus

I. N. Vishnevsky,  O. I. Davydovskaya,  V. A. Zheltonozhsky,

N. V. Strilchuk,  P. N. Trifonov

            Study of y-ray spectra accomplishing (p, g)-reaction on ¹¹⁵In nucleus has been performed for the first time. Measuring was carried out at 3,5 and 4 MeV proton energies. Cross section s(p, g) = 0,5 ± 0,1 and 0,9 ± 0,1 mkb correspondingly have been measured. Lowest discrete ¹¹⁶Sn states relative population has been measured also. Calculation was carried out using the statistical model with account of giant dipole resonance. Nonstatistical processes dominating role has been showed.

5. About  hyperfine  structure  of  conversion  lines

A. P. Lashko,  T. N. Lashko

            Series of works on research of conversion line shift effect in ¹⁸¹Та was continued. The effect is caused by the electron interaction with the magnetic moment of the nucleus (hyperfine interaction) under the condition of nonstatistical population of the components determined by the spin selection rules. The method that enables to measure small (about 1 eV) conversion line shifts was developed. The experimental value of hyperfine shift for К476 - К482 doublet in ¹⁸¹Та was determined for the first time. It is equal to 4,9 ¸ 2,0 eV and agrees with theoretical value of 2,6 eV.

6. PECULIARITIES  OF  THE  THIN  HIGH-QUALITY  FILMS  FORMATION

BY  THE  VACUUM  ARC  DISCHARGE  IN  THE  VAPORS  OF  AN  ANODE  MATERIAL

A. G. Borisenko,  V. A. Saenko,  Yu. S. Podzirey

            The results of experimental investigations of a nonself-sustained arc discharge in the vapors of an anode material are presented. The possibilities and the peculiarities of the discharge for a purpose formation of the sublayer-free high quality optical films and resistive layers with necessary parameters are shown.

7. GENOTOXIC  INFLUENCE  OF  RADIONUCLIDE  SOIL  POLLUTION

ON  PLANT  MERISTEM

D. М. Grodzinsky,  А. N. Mikhyeyev,  Е. А. Kravetz,  N. I. Guscha,

J. V. Shilina,  V. V. Berezhna,  N. V. Тоrdia,  G. D. Slinyavchuk,  L. B. Zelena

            The vertical heterogeneity of ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr distribution in the main root of seedling with prevailling concentration of radiocesium in meristem zone and radiostroncium in elongation zone is established. The obtained data have allowed to calculate the dose loads on plant critical tissue in conditions of radionuclide pollution. The negative influence of 3,7 × 10⁵ Bq/kg ¹³⁷Cs soil pollution on seed germination and growth rate of onion seedlings is shown. At levels of soil pollution about 3,7 × 10² - 3,7 × 10⁵  Bq/kg the increasing of mitotic index of meristem tissue of the onion seedling main root is shown. The level chromosome aberration in meristem cell at ninth day was about 241, 216 and 151 % for soil with activity 3,7 × 10⁴, 18,7 × 10⁴  and 3,7 × 10⁵ Bq/kg correspondingly. The root growth rate and mitotic index in irradiated variants exceeded with control level, that denoted on restoration and radioadaptation processes. The essential difference between the quantitative characteristics of radiocesium and radiostroncium cytogenetic action is not revealed.

8. Influence  of  low  level  ionizing  irradiation  on  spread  of  positive padiotropism  among  fungi

T. I. Tugay,  N. N. Zhdanova,  T. I. Redchits,  V. A. Zheltonozhsky,  L. V. Sadovnikov

            Express method and model gradient system of g-ray action on the gifes micromycetes growth were developed. More then 200 stammes (37 formes, 20 family) were studied. It was shown that about 20 % of them, the spores of which were extracted from highly radioactive substractes in 5 km Chernobyl zone and the premises of the 4-th reactor unit, have positive radiotropism properties.

9. OBTAINING  AND  TESTING  OF  THE  ARBUSCULAR  MYCORRHIZAL  FUNGIES  INOCULA  FOR  THE  MODIFICATION  OF  RADIONUCLIDES  TRANSPORT  INTO

THE  PLANTS

A. V. Kripka,  B. V. Sorochinsky

            Spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungies have been isolaten from the plants collected at the Chernobyl zone. Selection of the plants were done due to their high radionuclides’ accumulation ability and AM colonization level as well. These spores were used to start the inocula production for the plant treatment aimed to affect radionuclides trasport. Spores identification was done based on their morphological and molecular features. Three differen AM inocula with high potential to modify ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs transport at the phytoremediation experiments were obtained.

10. radiotropism  and  photoreactions  of  micromycetes  isolated

from  ChNPP  ALIENATION  zone

Yu. V. Blazheevskaya,  T. I. Redchitz

            The aim of our work was comparative study of such responses of microscopic fungi as positive radiotropism reaction and photostimulation. Positive radiotropism reaction was observed just among fungi isolated from accident zone of ChNPP. It was chose 10 strains with clear radiotropic reactions. All of them were stimulated by white light of low intensity. Most noticeable parameter was primary mycelium length (its stimulation was 35 - 167% comparing to control samples). The coincidence of radiotropism and photostimulation reactions of micromycetes, which had clear radiotropic reactios on the level of primary mycelia, was absolute. Obtained differences were only quantitative.

11. DISTRIBUTION  OF  ¹³⁷Cs,  ⁹⁰Sr,  ^239+240Pu,  ²⁴¹Am  AND  ^230,232Th  ON  THE  FRACTIONS

OF  NATURAL  ORGANIC  SPECIES  SOILS  OF  ChNPP  ALIENATION  ZONE

A. A. Odintsov,  A. D. Sajeniouk

            The experimental data determination of distribution ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr, ^239+240Pu, ²⁴¹Am “Chernobyl” releases and ^230,232Th on the fraction of humic and fulvic acids sandy- podsolic, meadow and peaty soils taken in the exclusive zone ChNPP are presents. Soils organic matter was isolated by conventional alkali extraction (Turin’s method). It was shown that, with depending of soils types 15 – 45 % ²⁴¹Am associate with fulvic acids. In all investigated types of soils 30 – 40 % ^239+240Pu connects with humic acids, as strong complexes. The distribution of environmental ^230,232Th and artificial ^239+240Pu on the fraction natural organic species is the same.

12. TO  THE  QUESTION  ON  ¹³⁷Cs  DISTRIBUTION  IN  COMPONENTS  OF  FUNGI  COMPLEX

O. B. Tscvetnova,  N. E. Zarubina

            Peculiarities of ¹³⁷Cs distribution in components of fungi complex were determined on the basis of long term investigation. It was shown that the concentration of ¹³⁷Cs in fruit bodies and mycorriza of fungi is practically equal. ¹³⁷Cs distribution in fruit bodies is changing due to their development: differences in specific activity of stipes and caps of young individuals is minimum; differences increase as fruit bodies matured due to ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in hymenophore.

13. ТНЕ  EXPERIMENTAL  STUDIES  OF  ¹³⁷Cs  ELIMINATION  PROSESS  FROM

THE  ORGANISM  OF  FISH

E. N. Volkova,  V. V. Belyaev,  O. S. Potrohov,  O. G. Zinkovsky,  Z. O. Shirokaya

            The influence of the ration of a feeding of fishes on the process of ¹³⁷Cs elimination from the organism was investigated. The inverse dependence between the mass of fishes and specific activity ¹³⁷Cs was found. The rations of the feeding of fishes make possible to lower the specific activity of fishes to the recommended level was determined.

14. Influence  of  peroral  insertion  of  ¹³⁷Cs  on  growth,  physiological

and  biochemical  parameters  of  biennial  carp

O. S. Potrohov,  E. N. Volkova,  V. V. Belyaev,  O. G. Zinkovsky

            The influence of the increased content ¹³⁷Cs in the tissues of carp and rations of fishes feeding on the amount of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, glycogen, diene conjugate, hydroperoxides of lipids, malonic dial in a liver, muscles, spleen of fishes is studied. It is shown that after 106-day’s cultivation of fishes the content ¹³⁷Cs has decreased with 3000 - 3500 till 30 - 60 Bq/kg. At that negative influence of the increased concentrations of cesium in fishes on a survival rate, linear and weight growth of carp, and also pathological dysfunctions of a physiological-biochemical state of fishes is not marked.

15. THE  PECULIARITIES  OF  THE  CHANGES  IN  MEDULLAR  HEMATOPOETIC SYSTEM  OF  ANIMALS  EXPOSED  TO  INTERNAL  IRRADIATION  WITH  ⁹⁰Sr

N. K. Rodionova,  A. I. Lypska,  I. P. Drozd,  Ya. I. Serkiz,  S. T. Malinari,

L. V.  Kostyukova,  N. M. Arendt

            The changes in medullar hemapoietic system of rats of Vistar line under the internal irradiation with ⁹⁰Sr have been investigated. It has been determined that internal irradiation of animals with osteotropic radionuclides caused dishemopoiesis in early terms. The distrubences in ratio of the number of myelocytes and erythrocytes, proliferative activity, pathological vitosis appearance and high level of the cells with micronuclei. In addition, the hyperproliferative reaction has been observed that indicate the unforable state and can be used for forecast hematopoetic diseases.

16. PEROXIDATION  PROCESSES  IN  BLOOD  OF  CHILDREN  SUFFERED

AS  A  RESULT  OF ChNPP  ACCIDENT

N. A. Druzhina,  A. J. Moiseev

            By a method initiated chemiluminescence the peroxidation processes were investigated in blood of children, suffered as a result of ChNPP accident. It was established that the action of low-intensity ionizing radiation to the organism leads to an intensification of peroxidation processes in blood system in the remote terms after an irradiation. The maximal shift of prooxidant-antioxidant ratio was fixed within the children who were irradiated during the first days after ChNPP accident.

17. CORRECTION  OF  THE  POST-IRRADIATION  CHANGES  OF  THE  LIPIDS  PEROXIDATION  IN  THE  RATS’  LIVER  BY  THE  LASER  IRRADIATION

Ya. G. Ivanushko,  Yu. P. Grinevich

            The influence of low doses of x-ray and laser irradiation and their combined impact on the antioxidative system parameters and lipid peroxidation processes in the rats’ liver was investigated. Fractionated 30-day X-ray irradiation in a total dose of 23,3 mKl/kg had caused a lipid peroxidation (LPO) intensity decrease: malondialdehyde (MDA), DK, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase (GPO), the glutathione (reduced form: GSH). Laser irradiation had caused the MDA, the SOD, catalase and GPO decrease. The GSH contents had been increasing. In 20-days of irradiation the LPO processes intensity of liver homogenate remained lower from the test figures. The SOD, catalase activities, GSH contents had increased. The GPO activity kept decreased. The combined impact of laser and X-ray irradiation caused the LPO processes intensity decrease. The SOD and catalase activity, GSH contents didn't differ from the test ones. The GPO activity had increased in 20 days of irradiation. Also an adequate influence of laser irradiation against X-ray’s to the studied indices was demonstrated.

18. A  NEW  INTEGRATED  DESIGN  FOR  A  COMPACT  NUCLEAR  PROBE

S. O. Lebed

            An integrated design and main ion-optical parameters for the new compact scanning nuclear probe with external proton beam (or helium ions) based on a modified 3 MV ultra stable single ended electrostatic accelerator and optimized short (3,25 m) probe forming system are demonstrated. The system is used the micro slits and divided triplet of magnetic quadrupole lenses. The results of the optimized ion-optical calculation for the accelerating and probe forming systems are obtained using the programs: SIMION, TRANSPORT, PRAM та OXRAY. These results are planning to be used for the design of a new vertical nuclear probe with an external ion beam. The probe will permit the application of the novel medicine and biological investigations with living cells under normal conditions. It is shown that developed design has a great promise for the next generation of the nuclear probe equipped with a high brightness gas field ion source. The probe will allow the elemental distribution studies in a sample by PIXE technique to be carried out with a spatial resolution of about 0,1 mm.

19. Development  and  researches  of  parameters  of  the electron  bunch  current  sensor  of  the  KINR  radiation  PLANT

A. G. Zelinskiy,  A. V. Sakhno,  S. P. Tomchay,  I. N. Vischnevskiy,  V. I. Sakhno

            The results of experimental researches of the metrology performances of the designed electron bunch sensor on KINR radiation facility are given.

20. uncertainty  of  activity  measuremEnt  of  heterogeneously contaminated  soil  samples

Yu. V. Khomutinin

            The problems of reliable determination of activity of ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr, ^239,240Pu and activity ratio ¹³⁷Cs/⁹⁰Sr in the soil samples containing the hot particles are considered. It is shown that the soil samples have volumetric heterogeneity of contamination, which can not be eliminated by their homogenization. Distribution of the possible values of the sample specific activity is described by the lognormal regularity. It is proposed the method for calculation of a minimal necessary number of the soil samples for the estimation of median of the measured value at the fixed relative uncertainty.