CONTENTS

                                                           № 3 (11), 2003

1. OFF-SHELL  EFFECTS  IN  MULTIPLE  SCATTERING  OF  PROTONS  ON  NUCLEI  WITH  A = 3, 4  AT  600,  1000  MeV

V. V. Davydovskyy, A. D. Foursat

            The Research of multiple center eikonal approach with regard to the scattering of high-energy protons on atomic nuclei is carried out. In contrast to the theory of Glauber - Sitenko, new approach uses three-dimensional generalized profile function of nucleon, which allows taking into account the off-shell effects in intermediate acts of scattering. The formalism that has been developed is applied for the calculations of the cross sections of elastic scattering of protons on ³Н, ^3,4Не nuclei at energies of 600 and 1000 MeV. The results of calculations are compared with experimental data and calculations on conventional diffraction theory.

2. CHARGE  DENSITIES  OF  LIGHT  NUCLEI  IN  THE  α-CLUSTER  MODEL WITH DISPERSION

Yu. A. Berezhnoy, V. P. Mikhailyuk, V. V. Pilipenko

One-particle charge densities and root mean square radii of ⁹Be, ^12,13С, ¹³N, ¹⁶О and ²⁰Ne nuclei have been calculated on the basis of the α-cluster model with dispersion. The density parameters were obtained from the comparison of the calculated and measured charge formfactors of these nuclei. The results obtained are in agreement with existing experimental data.

3. WKB-approximation  for  Green’s  function  of  two  non-interacting particles  in  the  external  electrical  field

V. P. Verbytsky,  L. Ya. Zhukalyuk,  K. O. Terenetsky

            The quasiclassical (WKB) expression for Green’s function of two non-interacting particles in the external electrical field has been obtained and its radial dependence has been investigated. The essential spatial localization of the real part of this function has been shown.

4. MECHANISMS  OF  THE ¹²С(¹¹В, ¹⁵N)⁸Be REACTION

А. А. Rudchik,  V. K. Chernievsky,  А. Т. Rudchik,  A. Budzanowski,  L. Głovacka,  L. Zemło, S. Kliczewski,  E. І. Koshchy,  О. А. Ponkratenko,  О. А. Momotyuk,  A. V. Mokhnach,  Val. М. Pirnak,  К. Rusek,  І. Skwirszyńska,  R. Siudak,  B. Czech,  А. Szczurek

            Angular distributions of the ¹²C(¹¹B, ¹⁵N)⁸Be reaction were measured at the energy E_lab(¹¹B) = 49 MeV for the transitions to the ground and 2,94 MeV (2+) excited state of ⁸Be and to the ground and 5,270 MeV (5/2+) + 5,299 MeV (1/2+), 6,324 MeV (3/2-), 7,155 MeV (5/2+) + 7,301 MeV (3/2+), 7,567 MeV (7/2+) excited states of ¹⁵N. The data were analyzed by the coupled-reaction-channel method. The elastic, inelastic scattering and one- and two-step transfers were included into the coupling scheme. The data of the ¹²C(¹¹B, ⁸Be)¹⁵N reaction at E_cm = 9,4 - 17,8 MeV known from the literature, were also included in the analysis. It was found that in the ¹²C(¹¹B, ¹⁵N)⁸Be reaction the a- and t-cluster transfers dominate at q_cm < 90^o and q_cm > 90^o, respectively. The optical model parameters for the ¹⁵N + ⁸Be interaction and their energy dependence were deduced.

5. THE  DIFFRACTION  SCATTERING  OF  TWO-CLUSTER  NUCLEI  ON  PROTONS

WITH  TAKING  INTO  ACCOUNT  THE  COULOMB  INTERACTION

V. K. Tartakovsky,  O. I. Ivanova

            While studying the diffraction scattering of two-cluster nuclei on protons the method of inclusion the Coulomb interaction and the Glauber approximation is suggested. The calculation of cross section scattering of deuterons and ⁶Li nuclei on protons at intermediate energies is made. The effects of Coulomb interaction to the behavior of cross section have been studied.

6. PERTURBATIVE  QCD  PHENOMENOLOGY  OF  ELASTIC  ed  SCATTERING

A. P. Kobushkin,  Ya. D. Krivenko-Emetov

            Electron-deuteron elastic scattering data ( and  structure functions and polarization observables ,  and ) are fit with a model that respects asymptotic properties of perturbative QCD (pQCD) at high momentum transfer. The data analysis shows that pQCD starts from . Predictions for the magnetic structure function  and the polarization observables at high momentum transfer are given.

7. the  INVARIANCE  METHOD  of  angular  moments  FOR  Monte-Carlo neutron  transport  calculations

V. M. Bukanov,  O. V. Grytsenko,  V. L. Dyemokhin,  S. M. Pugach

            A series of approximations of an elastic scattering indicatrix used for Monte-Carlo neutron transport calculations is analysed. It is shown that these approximations garble the information available in microconstant library. The elastic interaction modelling method not garbling data from microconstant library is suggested. The algorithm of obtaining of the parameters required for realization of the given method is designed.

8. DRIFT  ION  ACOUSTIC  WAVES  AND  THEIR  SYMMETRIES

 V. B. Taranov

            3D model for the coupled drift and ion acoustic waves is considered. Symmetries of the model are found in the presence of the magnetic shear as well as in the shearless case. Some of the most symmetric solutions, exact and perturbative, are presented. In particular, solutions describing zonal flow generation by initially monochromatic waves are obtained.

9. CONSTRICTION  OF  AN  ARC  DISCHARGE  IN  NOBLE  GASES AT  ATMOSPHERIC  PRESSURE 

P. V. Porytskyy

            The influence of gas medium characteristic on the processes of contraction (constriction) of an arc discharge in atmosphere of inert gases is considered. It is shown that the degree of constriction of an arc discharge is determined by both the thermophysical characteristics of gas medium and the characteristic of electron-atom collisions. It is revealed that the Ramsauer effect has the influence on a character of contraction of an arc discharge.

10. PROBLEMS OF DYNAMICS RADIONUCLIDES BEHAVIOR IN ENVIRONMENT OF BELARUS

A. V. Basharin,  S. A. Matveev,  T. L. Pushkareva,  G. A. Sharovarov

            The experience of various methods application for radionuclide contaminated objects after the Chernobyl accident is considered. Methods useful to different objects, including kindergartens, are defined as a result of analysis. Methods of observation and control ^{134, 137}Cs, ⁹⁰Sr and ^238-240Pu behavior in various environments are described. Value of the second air pollution after extraordinary situation at contaminated territories and object “Ukryttia” is given. Dates of post-Chernobyl contamination of rivers and soils with radiocesium and radiostrontium, as well as deactivation of social objects are generalized.

11. INFLUENCE  OF  THE  OCCURRENCE  DEPTH  AND  THICKNESS  OF  THE  ¹³⁷Cs CONTAMINATED  SOIL  LAYERS  ON  THE  UPTAKE  COEFFICIENT  OF  PLANTS

A. N. Berlizov,  D. M. Grodzinsky,  N. M. Rashydov,  V. V. Tryshyn,  V. V. Berezhna

            The influence of occurrence depth and thickness of the ¹³⁷Cs contaminated soil layers on the uptake coefficients of cultured plants, such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), maize (Zea mais L.), having fibrous root systems, and pea (Pisum sativum L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), soybean (Glicine max (L.) Merr.), having tap root systems, was studied. In full controlled laboratory conditions considerable differences in ¹³⁷Cs uptake by different species of plants in dependence on the form of their root systems were established. It was found that the uptake coefficient of plants with fibrous type root system is bigger than one of the plants with tap type root system. The maximum values of uptake coefficient were obtained when upper 0 - 4 cm layer was contaminated. For deeper occurrence of the contaminated layers, the uptake coefficient values decreased, reaching their minimum at 12 - 16 cm. When the contaminated layer thickness increased from 4 to 16 cm the uptake coefficient values also increased in 1.9, 1.4, 3.0, 1.0, 2.4, and 1.2 times for wheat, rye, maize, pea, food bean, and soybean respectively. Obtained data suggests that form of the root systems, ¹³⁷Cs contaminated layer occurrence depth and thickness are of determinative significance for the uptake coefficient values of plants.

12. statistical  characteristics  of  radionuclides  soil-to-plant  transfer factors  and  minimal  necessary  amount  of  the  coupled  samples  for  their  reliable  estimation

Yu. V. Khomutinin

            Statistical characteristics of the observed ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr “soil-to-plant” transfer factors were estimated. The problems of coupled sampling of soil and plants for transfer factors estimation with needed uncertainty were considered. The methods are proposed for calculation of the minimal necessary amount of the coupled samples for the above purpose.

13. RESEARCH  OF  THE  VERTICAL  SOIL  PROFILES  MIGRATION  OF  THE CHORNOBYL  ORIGIN  MEN-MADE  RADIONUCLEDES  IN  POLESIJA

M. D. Bondarkov,  M. V.  Zheltonozhskaya,  A. I. Lipskaya, L. V. Sadovnikov,  V. V. Tokarevsky

            The research of migration of Chornobyl origin radionuclides was carried out in vertical soil profiles of the «Ryzhyj les» waste disposal area within 5 km ChNPP zone. The 1122-soil samples were selected during 2000 - 2001 years. The g-, b- and X-emanation of these samples were studies after corresponding preparation. The ^134,137Cs, ^154,155Eu, ²⁴¹Am and ^238+239+240Pu isotopes were identified. The (⁹⁰Sr + ⁹⁰Y) isotopes were identified in equilibrium as a result of the research of the “non thin” layers samples b-spectra.. The ^238+239+240Pu isotopes were determined by L_x-emanation spectroscopy of U and Np. The migration of ^134,137Cs, ^154,155Eu, ⁹⁰Sr, ²⁴¹Am isotopes was observed to the depth up down 30 cm, and the ^238+239+240Pu migration was observed to the depth of 10 ¸ 15 cm. The obtained data is discussed.

14. THE  FORECAST’S  ESTIMATION  OF  ¹³⁷Cs  BEHAVIOR  IN  CIRCUIT  “SOIL – MACROMYCETES”

N. Eu. Zarubina

Macromycetes with deep and near-surface deposition of mycelium in soils in territory of alienation zone of ChNPP and of the “southern track” from 1986 till 2002 were investigated. In S. luteus, X. badius, and other species with near-surface localization of mycelium the ¹³⁷Cs contents was higher, than in B. edulis, the mycelium which one places in soil on depth more than 5 sm from 1986 till 2000. Since 2000 on the 2 zone polygons and since 2002 on the main polygons, the specific activity of ¹³⁷Cs in these species of funguses was compare. In 2002 on the several zone polygons the contents of radiocesium in B. edulis exceeds its contents in macromycetes with near-surface localization of mycelium. With gradual reallocating of center of the main storage of radiocesium in soil such processes will be characteristic for all polygons of ChNPP alienation zone and “southern track”.

15. INVESTIGATIONS  OF  “HOT”  PARTICLES  SELECTED  IN  5-KM  ChNPP  ZONE

M. D. Bondarkov,  V. A. Zheltonozhsky,  M. V. Zheltonozhakaya,

L. V. Sadovnikov,  V. V. Tokarevsky

            The measurements of radionuclides from “hot” particles, selected in 1989 - 2000 inside ChNPP 5 km zone have been conducted. The Кα-emanation of Pu and U has been revealed. The ratio of isotopes ^154,155Eu in the “hot” particles, selected inside ChNPP 5 km zone has been measured. The comparison with theoretical data from handbook has shown the difference in 2 - 2,5 times. The discussions of obtained results is carried out.

16. DEFINITION  BY  METHODS  OF  MATHEMATICAL  SIMULATION  OF  THE CONVERSION coefficient  FOR  THE  ESTIMATION

OF  THE RADIOACTIVE  CONTAMINATION  OF  SOILS  BY  ¹³⁷Cs 

O. К. Kalуnovsky,  I. A. Malyuk

            The coefficient of conversion the doze rate at the centre of boreholes model to specific activity of soil by methods of the mathematical modelling is determined. This conversion coefficient can be used as coefficient of infinite environments for the estimation of radioactive contamination of soils as a result of accident on Chornobyl NPP. The calculation is carried out by two methods (analytical and software MicroShield, version 5.05) for the borehole model which represents the annular cylinder. The concrete is chosen as material of the cylinder's body. The source of gamma-radiation is ¹³⁷Cs, which evenly is distributed in total volume of the cylinder. The calculation results were compared among themselves and to the data received experimentally on the borehole model. The outcome analysis has shown that the distinction of conversion coefficients determined by methods of mathematical modelling and the experimental method do not exceed 10 %.

17. DEPENDENS  OF  CYTOPLASM  MOOV  FROM  Ca ²⁺  CHANNELS  STATE  UNDER  THE IONIZING  RADIATION  AND  ELECTROMAGNETIC  RADIATION  HIGHER  FREQUENCY

N. V. Tordiya,  D. M. Grodzinsky

            The hypothesis for explanation of the time oscillations of plant cells’ cytoplasm moving speed caused by both ionizing radiation and electromagnetic emission of high frequency is suggested. These oscillations are connected with the permeability of the membrane for Са²⁺ ions. Experiment with using of potentially dependent calcium blocker Verapamil allowed to conform this hypothesis.

18. PECULIARIETES  OF  THE  RAT  BLOOD  PEROXIDASE  ACTIVITY UNDER  THE  DIFFERENT  CONDITIONS  OF  IRRADIATION

Yu. P. Grynevich,  I. P. Drozd,  Ya. I. Serkiz,  S. V. Teletska,  V. I. Isaenko

            The peculiarities of the white rat of non-bred blood peroxidase activity under the different conditions of irradiation have been investigated using the chemiluminescence method. Conditions of exposure : external protracted gamma-irradiation (⁶⁰Co, total dose 0.73 Gy); internal protracted irradiation (¹³⁷Cs, total dose 0,22 Gy); external acute irradiation (⁶⁰Co, with doses 3.5 and 9.0 Gy); exposure to neutrons (6 MeV, with doses 1,5 and 5,0 Gy). Nonlinear dose dependence of the blood chemiluminescence indices has been detected. The most considerable differences in comparison to control data have been observed 1 - 4 days after the beginning of exposure either high or low doses. External and internal irradiation with low doses causes opposite changes in chemiluminescence intensity during the first month of investigation. The direction variety of chemiluminescenced blood indices during the early period of irradiation influence is also typical for the neutron irradiation with dose rate 1,5 Gy.

19. The  “rouge”  cell  in  cultured  human peripheral  blood  lymphocytes  and  their  analysis

in  ChNPP  Exclusion  zone  self-settlers

T. V. Tsyganok,  l. K. Bezdrobnaya

            The data on highly loaded by chromosomal aberrations peripheral blood lymphocytes of different people contingents, the criteria of their detection, possible causes and mechanisms of their induction are given. Here are presented the results of the own research of “rogue” cell frequency and their aberration spectrum in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of ChNPP Exclusion zone village residents (12 - 13 and 15 years after the accident) and of the residents of Yahotyn district, Kyiv region, not polluted with Chernobyl radionuclids. The arguments are reported on the fact that induction of such cells in zone residents might be caused by incorporated a-emitting transuranium elements.

20. A  METHOD  TO  CALIBRATE  A  SILICON  POSITION  SENSITIVE  DETECTOR

V. V. Ostashko,  A. Tumino,  S. Romano

            A method for the calibration of a Silicon Position Sensitive Detector is described. From the combination of the signals collected at the ends of the resistive electrode, energy and the point of input of hitting particle and hence it laboratory angle exit from target are reconstructed.

21. THE  TIME  OF  FLIGHT  SPECTROMETRY  FOR  FAST  NEUTRONS  OF  CALIFORNIUM SPONTANEOUS  FISSION

I. P. Dryapachenko,  E. M. Mozhzhukhin,  A. Ya. Khudenko

            In the given activity the registration technique and outcomes for ²⁵²Cf spontaneous fission neutron spectra for piloting of full-scale time-of-flight spectrometer of fast neutrons without usage of an accelerator beam is discussed.

22. LOW  ENERGY  IMPLEMENTATION  HYDROGEN  FACILITY OF  LABORATOTY AND  INDUSTRIAL  APPLICATION

A. V. Kovalenko,  N. F. Kolomiets

            The need of creation and also requirements to the construction are considered. The principle of action and physical-technical characteristics of low temperature implantation of hydrogen isotopes  facility to the semiconductor structures and to the layers of metals to obtain radioisotopes energy sources of milliwatt power and b-, X-radiation sources, and neutrons accumulated targets of charged particles based on tritium accelerators are given. The preliminary results on deuterium  p-i-n structure implantation of amorphous hydrogenated then dehydrogenation and implanted by heavy hydrogen silicon, which prove the possibility of low temperature implantation of tritium to these structures are given.